{"id":292,"date":"2023-10-20T14:49:19","date_gmt":"2023-10-20T14:49:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/?p=292"},"modified":"2023-10-20T14:49:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T14:49:19","slug":"operaciones-matematicas-y-logicas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/20231020\/operaciones-matematicas-y-logicas\/","title":{"rendered":"Operaciones Matem\u00e1ticas y L\u00f3gicas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tanto en un sistema como el cualquier otro, existen toda una serie de<br \/>\noperaciones que podemos aplicar a sus elementos: sumar, restar, multiplicar, dividir, &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Veamos la suma de n\u00fameros binarios. Al sumar dos n\u00fameros binarios, lo<br \/>\nharemos de d\u00edgito en d\u00edgito empezando por la derecha. Los valores que se obtienen<br \/>\nson los siguientes:<br \/>\n0 + 0 = 0&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1 + 0 = 1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;0 + 1 = 1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1 + 1 = 0 y me llevo 1<\/p>\n<p>Para la resta son los siguientes:<br \/>\n0 &#8211; 0 = 0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1 &#8211; 0 = 1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0 &#8211; 1 = 1 y me llevo 1&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1 &#8211; 1 = 0<\/p>\n<p>Los resultados de la multiplicaci\u00f3n son los siguientes:<br \/>\n0 * 0 = 0&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 1 * 0 = 0&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0 * 1 = 0 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;1 * 1 = 1<\/p>\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n existen una serie de operaciones l\u00f3gicas (Y, O, NO) utilizadas por el<br \/>\nSistema Binario. Para ver c\u00f3mo funcionan, observemos estos cuadros llamados Tablas<br \/>\nde Verdad de los operadores:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;border-style: solid;border-color: #000000\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">Operador 1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">Operador 2<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">&nbsp;O&nbsp; &nbsp;(OR)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.268px;text-align: center\">Y&nbsp; &nbsp;(AND)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.268px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.268px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.268px;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.248px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 171.268px;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table class=\" aligncenter\" style=\"width: 0%;border-collapse: collapse;border-style: solid;border-color: #000000\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.0632%;text-align: center\">Operador<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 8.62071%;text-align: center\">NOT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.0632%;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 8.62071%;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 11.0632%;text-align: center\">1<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 8.62071%;text-align: center\">0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Existen un par de operaciones m\u00e1s sobre los n\u00fameros binarios llamadas Complemento a 1 y&nbsp; Complemento a 2.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Para pasar un n\u00famero binario a Complemento a 1 se cambian los ceros por unos y viceversa:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">1010 \u2192 0101<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">\nPara pasar un n\u00famero binario a Complemento a 2, primero se pasa a Complemento a 1 y despu\u00e9s se suma 1 al bit menos significativo (LSB):&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">00101101 \u2192 11010010 +1 \u2192 11010011<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%B3gica_binaria#Tablas_de_verdad_de_las_operaciones_binarias_fundamentales\">https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L%C3%B3gica_binaria#Tablas_de_verdad_de_las_operaciones_binarias_fundamentales<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tanto en un sistema como el cualquier otro, existen toda una serie de operaciones que podemos aplicar a sus elementos: sumar, restar, multiplicar, dividir, &#8230; Veamos la suma de n\u00fameros binarios. Al sumar dos&#46;&#46;&#46;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10726,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,12],"tags":[33,31,32,29,30,28,13],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/10726"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=292"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":293,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/292\/revisions\/293"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=292"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogsaverroes.juntadeandalucia.es\/informatica4all\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}